Ancient Rome

1
Ancient Rome

• Ch 8 9

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Table of Contents

• TOC 1
• Key Ideas 2
• Ch 8.1 Vocab 3
• Map of Italy 4
• J49 founding of Rome 5
• J50 geography 6
• Latins Vs. Etruscans 7
• J51 Roman Military 8
• J52 Tarquins 9
• Ch. 8.2 Vocab 10
• J53 Roman Republic Fall 11
• J54 dictators 12

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TOC Continued

• 8.3 Vocab 13
• Notes on Julius Caesar 14
• 8.4 Vocab 15
• J55 skip 16
• J56 Pax Romana (not 1st) 17
• J57 contributions 18
• J58 paragraph 19
• J59 Reasons for the collapse 20
• J60 Diocletion/Constantine 21
• J61 Christianity 22
• Ch 9.1 Vocab 23

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TOC continued

• Rome Vocab Test P
• Roman Interview Sheet P
• Rome Project P
• 10 ? Quickie Quiz P

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Key Ideas

• Geography
• Citizenship, law, government
• Roman Republic
• Empire Julius Caesar, Augustus,
• Pax Romana
• Contributions in literature, arts, architecture,
  engineering
• Christianity (mini-unit for me)

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Assessments

• Vocabulary Quizzes on each section

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Thursday, February 16

• Start Rome Packet, Ch 8 and 9

8
Ch. 8.1 Vocab (12 words)

• Define the vocabulary on page 262 (12 words).
• 1. Sicily largest island in the Mediterranean
  Sea off the coast of Southern Italy
• 2. Apennines mountain range that runs through
• Italy
• 3. Latium - region in west central Italy plain
  that Rome was built on
• 4. Tiber River river in north Italy where
  Romans settled
• 5. Etruria ancient region on the Italian
  peninsula that was home to the Etruscans area is
  now called Tuscany

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Chapter 8.1 Vocab

• 6. Romulus and Remus twin brothers who
• founded Rome
• 7. Aeneas Trojan hero who was the Father of
• Rome
• 8. Latins Aeneas united these people
• 9. Etruscans played a major role in shaping
  the
• Roman civilization
• 10. Tarquin Ruling family that became cruel
• 11. republic form of government in which the
• leader is not a king or queen but a person
  
• elected by citizens
• 12. legion smaller unit of Roman army made up
  of about 6000 soldiers

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Rome 8.2 Vocab

• Carthage culture on the coast of North Africa
  fought Romans in Punic Wars
• Cannae location 2nd battle of Punic Wars in
  which Carthage was successful
• Zama Scipios troops defeated the Carthaginians
  in the 3rd Punic War
• Cincinnatus best known Roman dictator ruled
  Rome during crisis, then went back to his fields
• Hannibal Carthaginian general who attacked Rome
  with elephants during the 2nd Punic War

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8.2 continued

• Patrician wealthy land owners
• Plebians artists, shopkeepers, and farmers
  poor Romans
• Consuls top two government officials
• Veto to reject or forbid others decisions
• Praetor interpreted the law and acted as judges
  in court cases
• Dictator in ancient Rome, a person who ruled
  with complete power temporarily during emergencies

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Rome 8.3 Vocab

• Rubicon a small river at the southern boundary
  of Caesars command area
• Actium place off the west coast of Greece where
  Octavian crushed Antonys army and navy causing
  Antony and Cleopatra to kill themselves
• Julius Caesar general who sought to rule Rome
• Octavian Caesars nephew who inherited Caesars
  fortune and rule of Rome (later called himself
  Augustus)
• Augustus revered or majestic one

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Rome 8.3 continued

• Cicero a political leader, writer and Romes
  best political speaker
• Antony one of Cesars top generals who became
  part of the second triumvirate
• Latifunda large farming estates run by
  patricians/senators
• Triumvirate political alliance of three people

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Rome 8.4 Vocab

• Rhine River principle river in Europe marked
  Romes northern boundary
• Danube River second longest River in Europe and
  it also marked Romes northern boundary
• Puteoli and Ostia largest port cities in Rome
• Caligula Pax Romana emperor who got rid of
  sales taxes, allowed people in exile to return to
  Rome and increased the court systems power
  killed by the praetorian guard

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8.4 continued

• Nero emperor during Pax Romana constructed
  many new buildings, gave slaves the right to file
  complaints, and assisted cities suffering from
  disasters
• Hadrian one of the good emperors built
  Hadrians Wall to keep out barbarian tribes
• Pax Romana period of peace Roman Peace
• Aqueduct human made channel for carrying water
  long distances usually made with arches
• Currency system of money

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Friday, February 17

• E Describe the founding in Rome and the geography
  of Rome. 6.2.3
• A Describe the geography of Rome as it relates to
  Romulus and Remus.
• T introduce project (if doing one)
• S have students repeat directions and choose
  subjects
• HW study Vocab

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Geography of Italy and Rome

• Map of Italy
• Copy the map of Italy on page 263
• What is the continent of Italy?
• What shape is Italy?
• What is the fur at the top of the boot?
• What is the zipper of the boot?
• What is the rock at the toe of Italy?
• What seas surround the boot?

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• What is the continent of Italy?
• Europe
• What shape is Italy?
• High-heeled boot
• What is the fur at the top of the boot?
• Alps mountains
• What is the zipper of the boot?
• Appenines
• What is the rock at the toe of Italy?
• Sicily
• What seas surround the boot?
• Adriatic, Ionian, Mediterranean, Tyrrhenian

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J 49 Tell the 2 stories of the founding of Rome.

• Romulus and Remus
• Aeneas

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J50 What is the geography of Rome?
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Monday, February 21

• J50 What was the geography of Rome?
• 15 miles up the Tiber River from the
  Mediterranean Sea
• Built on the plain of Latium surrounded by 7
  hills
• Advantages of location far enough away from
  pirates in Mediterranean close enough to trade
  - became a huge trading area hills helped
  protect Rome

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Latins Vs. Etruscans
Latins
Etruscans
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Latins VS. Etruscans
Latins 1000 B.C. Father of Romans from Trojans Built huts Herded and grew crops United for protection
Etruscans 800B.C. Brought Greek culture Metal Workers who got rich from mining and trade Had Slaves wore cloaks and togas Built streets, temples, public buildings
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Wednesday, February 22

• Read pages 265-267 about The Birth of a
  Republic
• J51 Roman Military shrewd rulers formula for
  success. Explain what I mean using the text
• J52 Who were the Tarquins and what role did they
  have in starting the Roman Republic?

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Chapter 8.2

• Define Chapter 8.2 Vocab
• J53 What was the difference between the plebians
  and the patricians? Who had the most power? How
  did Romes government work?

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Substitute Journal of plebians vs. patricians
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Monday, March 5

• Copy assignments into agenda
• Poll projects
• Finish your Roman Republic is Falling
  Poster/Metaphor

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J 54 Why did the Roman Republic Fall?

• Rich vs. poor
• Patricians buying all farms
• Farmers couldnt pay debts
• When farmers sold their farms and moved to
  cities, they couldnt find work
• Cities got over populated
• Reforms failed
• Dishonest officials

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J54 Another problem was the army entered the
government. Who were the dictators and how did
they try to help?

• Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus brothers who tried
  to reform Rome asked senate to give farms back
  to poor but many senators owned farms, so they
  killed Tiberius and 12 years later killed Gaius
• Marius became consul in 107 BC recruited the
  poor as soldiers and turned the army into
  professional soldiers (soldiers for hire)
• Sulla- conquered Marius and gave power to the
  rich Senators when he stepped down civil wars
  erupted for the next 50 years

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Thursday, March 8

• 2nd period
• 958 call library
• completed reflections on Interview Sheet
• Checked the product part of grading sheet
• Check the research part of grading sheet
• Check written summary and research

31
J56 What was Pax Romana?
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Define Chapter 9.1 Vocab

• Virgil poet Aeneid compared to Homer
• Horace- poet who wrote satires
• Galen Greek doctor who emphasized anatomy
• Ptolemy astronomer who place the Earth at the
  center of the universe
• Spartacus gladiator who led 70,000 enslaved to
  revolt
• Vault curved structure of stone or concrete
  forming a ceiling or roof

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9.1 Vocab Continued

• Satire work that pokes fun at human weaknesses
• Ode poem that expresses strong emotions about
  life
• Anatomy the study of body structure
• Forum open space in Rome that served as a
  marketplace and public square
• Gladiator person who fought animals and other
  people as public entertainment
• Paterfamilies father of the family name for
  the father as head of the house hold
• Rhetoric public speaking

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J 57 List 10 contributions of ancient Rome.

• Gladiators
• Coliseum
• Bath house
• Hadrians Wall
• Roads
• Legions
• Pantheon
• Triumvirate
• Soldiers armor and weapons

• Roman gods
• Republic
• Aqueducts
• Hypocaust
• Currency

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J 58 In essay/paragraph form, explain how the
Roman Empire flourished.

• The Roman Empire grew by conquering land
  belonging to other cultures. Those people became
  Romans who added their talents to the Roman
  Empire. One group the Romans wanted to keep out
  were the barbarians. Hadrian built his famous
  wall to keep them out. Another accomplishment
  was the roads built by the soldiers. Have you
  ever heard the saying all roads lead to Rome?

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• The aqueduct was a Roman contribution. The
  aqueduct transported fresh, clean water to cities
  in Rome. Bath houses, insula, and the Forum used
  the fresh to keep people clean and healthy.
  Drinking water was gotten from fountains that we
  use today for decoration.

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• The Romans worshipped gods and goddesses just as
  the Greeks did. They built statues, the
  Pantheon, and other famous buildings like the
  coliseum to honor their gods. Romans also built
  roads. Their roads led all over the Roman Empire.
  Another invention that was built all over Rome
  were the bath houses.

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J59 List the reasons for the collapse of the
Roman Empire.

• Crazy emperors
• Empire was too big to manage
• Military/generals got too involved in government
• People were starving economy is declining
• Rebellions
• Disease and famine spreading
• Christianity causes conflict for the way the
  emperors rule
• 1/3 slaves

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J60 Who were the 2 emperors of Rome that tried
to save the Empire and what did each do?

• Diocletian
• provided strong, stable leadership
• Reforms changes in govt.
• Divided the empire into 4 parts to make it easier
  to rule
• Set prices of goods to stabilize the economy
• Made people stay at the same job until they died
• Somewhat successful, but people ignored his
  changes and the empire continued to fall

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• Constantine-
• Moved and renamed the capital of Rome
  Constantinople east to Turkey
• Makes Christianity the official Roman religion
• Sons of workers had to do the same job as their
  fathers

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J61 How did Christianity unify the Romans?

• Everyone was equal eliminated the differences
  between rich and poor
• Worship one god God the same god for everyone
• Promoted hard work and discipline and caring for
  one another

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End of Rome 10 ? Quickie Quiz

• Name the 4 major events happening in history
  around 400 ad to 500 ad.
• List 4 contributions of the Romans.
• The Roman Republic and the Roman Empire fell for
  similar reasons. Formulate a paragraph
  explaining the fall. (5 facts)
• Compare and contrast Diocletian and Constantines
  reforms to Rome. (8 facts)
• How did Christianity unify the Romans?
• What happened to cause the Dark Ages?

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J62 How did the Dark Ages (Middle Ages) begin?

• Romans couldnt feed themselves or their
  soldiers
• They made bogus deals with barbarians tribes
  (esp. the Ostragoths Aleric)
• Barbarian tribes destroyed the city of Rome
• Romans scattered throughout Europe trying to
  avoid the barbarians and create enough food and
  shelter to survive