Ancient Rome - Regents Review

1
Overview of the Roman Empire
2
Parallel Events (Greece vs. Rome)

• Ancient Greek Events
• 490-479 BCE Persian Wars
• 460 BCE Age of Pericles in Athens
• 431 BCE Peloponnesian Wars
• 331 BCE Alexander the Great conquers Persian
  Empire Hellenistic Age
• 133 BCE end of Greek dominance in Med. world

• Ancient Rome Events
• 509 BCE Rome sets up a Republic
• 450 BCE 12 Tables of Law
• 270 BCE Rome controls most of Italian peninsula
• 264-146 BCE Punic Wars vs. Carthage
• 133 BCE Roman power extends from Spain to Egypt

3
The Geography of Rome
4
Italy in 750 BCE
5
The Origins of Rome Romes Geography

• 1. Site of Rome was chosen for its fertile soil
  and strategic location (close to Mediterranean
  Sea)
• 2. Located on Italian peninsula surrounded by
  water on three sides where else are there
  peninsulas?
• 3. Built on seven hills on the Tiber River

6
Early Roman Peoples

• Latins ancestors of the Romans
• Herders and farmers settled along the
• Tiber River along the 7 hills
• Etruscans ruled central and northern
• Italy Came from Asia Minor(Eastern
• Mediterranean) Called themselves
• Tyrrhenians in honor of their king.
• Romans borrowed Etruscan alphabet,
• arch and worshipped similar gods and
• goddesses
• Greeks settled in southern Italy/Sicily

7
Influence of the Etruscans

• Writing
• Religion
• The Arch

8
The Mythical Founding of RomeRomulus Remus
twins, sons of Mars (god of war), raised by
she-wolf, Romulus eventually killed Remus to be
king!
9
The Roman Republic 509 BCE - 27 BCE
10
Republican Government
Republic government in which people vote for
their leaders 2 Consuls (Rulers of
Rome) 1 year term, one to lead army and one to
direct government Senate
(Representative body for patricians- wealthy
aristocrats, landowners), make foreign and
domestic policy Tribal Assembly
(Representative body for plebeians lower class
Romans artisans, merchants, and farmers), make
laws
11
The Twelve Tables, 450 BCE

• Providing political and socialrights for the
  plebeians.
• Basis of later Roman law
• Hung in the Forum
• Law is one of the most important Roman
  contributions

12
The Roman Forum
13
Roman Roads The Appian Way first major roadway
14
Romes Early Road System
15
Roman Aqueducts idea borrowed from the Greeks,
brought water to the cities
16
The Roman Colosseum major spectacles occurred
here, including gladiator fights!
17
The Colosseum Interior
18
Circus Maximus like a racetrack of today,
chariot races took place here!
19
The Legacy of Rome

• Republic Government
• Roman Law
• Latin Language
• Roman Catholic Church
• City Planning
• Romanesque Architectural Style
• Roman Engineering
• Aqueducts
• Sewage systems
• Dams
• Cement
• Arch