Skeletal%20

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Skeletal Muscular Systems

• Form and Movement

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Functions of the Skeleton

• Gives form to the organism
• Stores minerals such as calcium
• Serves as attachment points
• for muscles
• Protects vital organs
• Produces blood cells
• Bones attach to muscles to
• allow movement

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Regents Question

• One function of the endoskeleton is to
• 1)Transmit impulses
• 2)Produce lactic acid
• 3)Store nitrogenous wastes
• 4)Produce blood cells

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Regents Answer

• 4)Produce blood cells

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Bone and Bone Tissue

• Bone tissue includes bone cells (osteocytes) and
  non-living mineral deposits.
• Bone parts 1. Marrow, 2. Compact bone, 3.
  Periosteum, 4. Spongy bone

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Joints

• Nonmovible ( skull )
• Hinge ( elbow and knee )
• Gliding ( vertebrae )
• Ball-in-socket ( shoulder and hip )

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Regents Question

• The humerus, the bone in the upper arm, is
  directly connected to other bones in the arm by
• 1)Cartilage
• 2)Extensors
• 3)Ligaments
• 4)Tendons

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Regents Answer

• 3)Ligaments

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Bone Diseases

• Osteoporosis
• Acromegaly
• Leukemia
• Vitamin D deficency

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Muscular System

• Contract and relax to move the body.
• Stores energy
• Protects internal organs

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Regents Question

• The bones of humans most directly aid body
  movement
• 1)Producing blood cells in the marrow
• 2)Providing an anchor site for muscles
• 3)Protecting internal organs
• 4)Absorbing excess calcium from the blood

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Regents Answer

• 2)Providing an anchor site for muscles

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Muscle Types

• Cardiac Muscle
• Smooth Muscle
• Skeletal Muscle

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Cardiac Muscle

• Found making up the heart.
• Involuntary
• Striated and branched

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Smooth Muscle

• Found in the blood vessels and digestive tract.
• Involuntary
• Non striated

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Skeletal Muscle

• Voluntary
• Striated
• Found attached to the skeleton.

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Regents Question

• Which malfunction is most closely associated with
  connective tissue that is involved in human
  locomotion?
• 1)Tendonitis
• 2)Bronchitis
• 3)Diabetes
• 4)Meningitis

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Regents Answer

• 1)Tendonitis

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Muscle Attachment to Bone

• Muscles are attached to bone by connective tissue
  called tendons.
• Muscles are attached in opposing pairs.
• One Muscle contracts to raise the limb, while the
  second will contract to lower it.
• Bicep / Triceps

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Regents Question

• Which statement does not correctly describe a
  function of cartilage?
• 1)It provides flexibility in an embryo
• 2)It makes up the outer ear
• 3)It anchors muscles to bones
• 4)It cushions bones at a joint

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Regents Answer

• 3)It anchors muscles to bones

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