Brain Anatomy

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Brain Anatomy

• Regions and their functions

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4 major regions

• Cerebral hemispheres
• Diencephalon
• Brain stem
• Cerebellum

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Cerebral Hemispheres

• Right and Left ? Superior part of brain
• Most of mass of the brain
• Shallow groove sulcus
• Elevated area by grooove gyrus

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Cerebral Cortex

• .125 inch thick 40 of brain mass
• Motor areas
• Sensory areas
• Association areas
• Contralateral control

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• Central sulcus
• Precentral gyrus primary motor

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Primary Motor Cortex

• Precentral gyrus

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Premotor Cortex

• Learned motor skills

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Brocas area
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Sensory Areas
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Primary Somatosensory Cortex

• Postcentral gyrus

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Somatosensory Association cortex

• Posterior to postcentral gyrus

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Visual area

• Extreme posterior tip of occipital lobe

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Visual Association Area

• Surrounds the visual area determines what you
  are seeing
• i.e. 2 pretty eyes, short hair, ears its Rihanna!

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Auditory Areas

• Top of temporal lobe primary auditory area
• Posterior of temporal lobe auditory association
  area

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Olfactory cortex

• ? primitive brain new functions
• Rhinencephalon Memory!
• Why we remember smell of Grandmas old smoky
  apartment, with dentures and those weird mints
  now only seen at midlevel restaraunts

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Diencephalon

• 3 paired structures
• Thalamus
• Hypothalamus
• Epithalamus

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Thalamus

• Large number of nuclei
• Afferent impulses from all senses and all parts
  of the body converge on the thalamus
• Includes sensory, visceral, emotional, etc.

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Hypothalamus

• 7 functions
• 1.) Autonomic control center
• 2.) Center for emotional response
• 3.) Body Temperature Regulation

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Hypothalamus

• 4.) Regulation of Food Intake
• 5.) Regulation of Water balance and thirst
• 6.) Regulation of sleep-wake cycles
• 7.) control of endocrine system functioning

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Epithalamus

• Pineal gland melatonin hormone

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Brain Stem
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