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Organic Molecules

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Organic Molecules Organic Molecules The four major classes found in cells include: carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids Carbohydrates Monomers (building ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Organic Molecules


1
Organic Molecules
2
Organic Molecules
  • The four major classes found in cells include
  • carbohydrates
  • lipids
  • proteins
  • nucleic acids

3
Carbohydrates
  • Monomers (building blocks) are monosaccharides
  • Polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis
  • Polysaccharides many glucose molecules
    covalently bonded together
  • starch plant storage carbohydrate

4
Iodine Test for Starch
  • In the presence of starch, iodine turns a dark
    purple, blue, or black color.
  • The regular form of the glucose chains in starch
    traps the iodine molecules.
  • Producing the dark color

5
Lipids
  • Soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in
    water
  • Monomers (building blocks) triglycerides
    (glycerol 3 fatty acids)

6
Test for Lipids
  • Lipid based liquids leave stains (grease spots)
    behind when they dry and water based liquids do
    not.
  • This can be used as a test
  • Sudan IV is a lipid-soluble dye
  • In the presence of lipids, the solution turns
    red/pink

7
Protein
  • Monomers amino acids
  • Polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis
    between the amino group of one amino acid and the
    carboxyl group of a 2nd amino acid
  • Bond formed a peptide bond

8
Biuret test for Protein
  • In the presence of protein, Biuret reagent reacts
    with the peptide bonds
  • A pink color indicates the presence of peptide
    bonds
  • The color intensity is related to the number of
    peptides bonds.
  • The depth of color represents the number of
    peptide bonds
  • Pinkfew
  • i.e. peptide
  • Purplemore
  • Dark Purplevery many
  • i.e. polypeptide
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