The Rise of Islam

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The Rise of Islam
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• The Crescent moon had become a symbol for Islam.
  It is associated with the new moon that begins
  each month with the Islamic Lunar Calendar

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GeographyArabian Peninsula

• Hot, dry, west-coast mountains, desert
  conditions.
• How would it affect the development of society,
  trade, economics and culture?

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• Most settlements were on the coast.
• Trade by boats
• Probably wouldnt go through peninsula, theres
  nothing there!

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• Oasis small strip of fertile land in the desert
• Water was
• a luxury!!

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Bedouins

• Early people living on the Arabian Peninsula
• Desert nomads who were organized by tribes and
  clans (kin- related clans)

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• Shaykhs leader of a Bedouin Tribe
• Free warriors - carried out dictates of Shaykhs
  families made up majority of clan

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• Slave Families remnants of rival clans defeated
  in war
• Clans constantly fought each other over water,
  honor, etc.

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Mecca

• Important stop along the trade routes
• Location of Kaaba
• Founded by Umayyad clan of the Ouraysh tribe
  house of worship

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Kaaba

• House of worship
• Clans would call a truce (no fighting)
• Religious shrine of 360 idols Allah was
  referred by some as supreme god.

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Culture

• Poetry oral tradition
• Role of women enjoyed greater freedom and
  higher status
• Religion blend of animism/polytheism (little to
  do with ethics)

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Muhammad (570-632)

• Born into merchant family in Mecca
• Orphaned
• Married a wealthy widow

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• Meditated on wealthy and poor
• Revelations became his teachings

VS.
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• Quran holy book
• Converted people wife was 1st convert. (slow
  start)
• 622CE Moved to Medina city of the prophet
  This journey came to be known as the Hijrah

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• 630 Muhammad returns to Mecca with his
  followers and destroys all of the gods in the
  Kaaba

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• Madinahs and Bedouins first community of
  Muslims
• Military conquered neighbors

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The Teachings of Muhammad

• Monotheistic
• Allah supreme creator
• Provided hope for afterlife
• Muhammad is not divine (as Jesus is)

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• To follow Allahs will, you must follow the 5
  pillars of Islam.
• What are they?
• Islam is a way of life shariah set of
  practical laws for daily life