Clauses

1
Clauses

• An independent clause is a simple sentence
• Any clause has to have a subject and verb
• There are three kinds of dependent clauses
• Noun
• Adjective
• Adverb

2
Adverb clauses are begun by subordinating
conjunctions
3
Noun and Adjective Clauses begin with relative
pronouns

• Who (ever)
• Whom (ever)
• Whose (ever)
• Which (ever)
• That
• How
• what

4
To identify whether a clause is noun or adjective
check the word in front of the relative pronoun

• Jean, who is our babysitter, was injured in the
  car wreck

5
If the word in front of the relative pronoun is a
noun or pronoun the clause will be an adjective
clause

• Jean, who is our babysitter, was injured in the
  car wreck

6
If the word in front of the relative pronoun is
any part of speech other than a noun or pronoun,
the clause will be a noun clause

• I dont know who he wants.

7
How do you find dependent clauses?

• Look for the relative pronouns and subordinating
  conjunctions

8
What can trip you up?

• In informal language, sometimes words like why,
  whether, when and where can introduce adjective
  and noun clauses

9
Hardly ever
10
a Nominative Absolute (similar to the Latin
ablative absolute).
11
The phrase your eyes scanning windows and racks
consists of the noun eyes, the present active
participle scanning, and a compound direct object
of the participle. The entire phrase, which is
grammatically independent from the rest of the
sentence, is called a nominative absolute
(similar to the Latin ablative absolute). Since
it is an absolute expression, there is no line
connecting it to the rest of the diagram. Notice
that loaded, a past participle, and scanning, a
present participlethe former passive, the latter
active--are both diagrammed in the same way.
Unlike a past participle, apresent active
participle can have a direct object.
12
Dont understand nominative absolutes?

• Dont worry about it