The Unification of Italy and Germany

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The Unification of Italy and Germany

• Nationalism in Europe

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What is Nationalism?

• Define the following terms
• a. Country
• b. Nation
• c. Nationalism
• d. Patriotism
• Give two examples of each of the above
• How are they different?

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Italy comes Together

• The Italian people were broken up into many
  different territories and states.
• These states were controlled by France, Austria,
  and the Pope.
• Italian people wanted to unify to form a country
  of their own. They wanted freedom.

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Who will lead?

• Giuseppi Mazzini An Italian nationalist who led
  a rebellion against the Austirans and French. His
  efforts failed because the Pope refused to
  support a war against Catholic Austria.

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www.brigantaggio.net/Brigantaggio/Personaggi/Mazzi
ni2.JPG
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The Kingdom of Piedmont

• Count di Cavour
• Prime Minister
• Organized an allaince with France to make war on
  Austria.
• Once the war was over, Austria would lose control
  over its part of Italy

• Victor Emmanuel II
• Supports war to slowly unify Italian regions.

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Cavour and Victor Emmanuel II
Discovereducation.com
www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/cavour.jpg
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Giuseppi Garibaldi

• Leads an army of volunteers Red Shirts
• His army invades Southern Italy and Sicily
• He captures both and gives them to Victor
  Emmanuel II in 1860
• Italy is almost complete
• The Pope continues to control Rome and Venice is
  still controlled by Austria
• However, by 1871, these lands will join Italy

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http//www.brasilmacom.com.br/historia_lojas/image
ns/carbonaria_giuseppe
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The Growth of Italy
Note Kingdom of Piedmont also known as Kingdom
of Sardinia
Discoveryeducation.com
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The Quest for German Unification

• In 1860, the German people were governed by a
  variety of states and countries.
• The Kingdom of Prussia was the largest German
  state.
• Prussias king William I wanted to unify Germans
  by force.
• To do so would mean making war on France,
  Austria, and many others

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Otto Von Bismarck

• An old soldier who believed in war and industry
• He supported unification to build a powerful
  state
• He invented a political idea called realpolitik
• the right of a nation to pursue its own
  interests by any means, including war
• Blood and Iron use war and industry to create
  Germany

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Otto Von Bismarck