Commanding the Confined Space Rescue

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Commanding the Confined Space Rescue
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ICS Incident Priorities

• Life safety
• Responder safety is number one priority
• General public
• Be part of the solution, not the problem
• 60 of fatalities are would be rescuers

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ICS Incident Priorities

• Risk / Benefit analysis
• What do I have to lose?
• What do I have to gain?
• Analysis process used to determine strategic
  goals of an incident.

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ICS Incident Priorities

• Development of strategic goals is determined
  after an assessment of the situation.
• The survivability of the victim will determine if
  a rescue is possible or if this will be a body
  recovery.

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ICS Incident Priorities

• Offensive ( rescue)
• Are viable lives at risk
• Manageable number
• Hazards are known and controllable
• Resources are available
• Incident stabilization prompt and probable

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ICS Incident Priorities

• Defensive ( body recovery )
• No life probability of victim
• Complex rescue incident
• Hazardous conditions still exist
• Resources unavailable
• Stabilization unlikely

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Incident Stabilization

• Ability of each CSR team is based on training and
  equipment.
• CSR team needs to pre-plan spaces to determine
  equipment and training needs.
• Tactical objectives are based on strategic goals
  of the incident.

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Scene Management

• Establish Command
• Reconnaissance
• Gain Control

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Establish Command

• Any team member can be command
• usually highest trained
• can be passed as more people arrive
• need to know the ICS
• trained in CSR

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Responsibilities of IC

• Make initial assessment and evaluation
• Establish goals and objectives
• Determine additional resources
• Deploy personnel and units
• Establish a command post

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Reconnaissance

• Once preliminary information indicates that PPE
  on hand is adequate
• Obtain air monitoring samples
• Assess hazards
• Patients
• Characteristics of space
• Rapidly communicate information to IC

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Gain Control

• Perimeter Control
• May need police
• Barrier tape, ropes, barricades
• Includes
• Civilian volunteer rescuers
• Controlling traffic
• Limiting access to the rescue area to assigned
  personnel

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Gain Control

• Hazard Mitigation
• Avoid the hazard
• Remove the hazard
• Control the hazard
• Use personal protective equipment

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Gain Control

• Hazard Mitigation
• Risk / benefit analysis
• Length of time to implement
• survival time of patient
• Factors involved
• Equipment available
• Personnel - training, skills, knowledge and
  numbers

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Scene Management

• IC needs to
• Analyze the problem
• Plan solutions
• Implement the plan
• Evaluate progress

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Strategic Factors for CSR

• Confined Space Characteristics
• Hazards Present
• Rescue Opportunities
• Resources

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Confined Space Characteristics

• Type
• Function
• Configuration
• Construction
• Size
• Entry Points ( size, number, location )

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Hazards Present

• Atmospheric
• Energy Sources
• Entrapment
• Fall
• Fire / Explosion
• Hazardous Material

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Rescue Opportunities

• Not Injured
• Minor Injury
• Controllable Hazards
• Personal Protection for Patient
• Rescue Problem within Capabilities of the
  Department
• Distance

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Resources

• Sufficient Personnel ( numbers, experience,
  training )
• Appropriate equipment, Apparatus, Material
• Time to Implement Option Chosen
• Availability
• Interagency Coordination

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Operations / Group Supervisor / Team Leader
• Overseas and controls all tasks and functions.
• Directs all tactical objectives according to
  goals set by command.
• Ensures entry control

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Safety
• Monitors all safety factors
• Advises command
• Ensures correct selection and use of PPE
• Monitors entry team air time
• Has authority to stop unsafe operations and
  override command

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Entry Rescue / Recovery
• Enters space to provide recon
• Provides for removal of patients
• Directs communication with Operations and Safety

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Hazard Control
• Provides proper ventilation of space
• Provides monitoring of space
• Provides lockout of all sources of energy and
  engulfment hazards
• Advises Operations of above

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Air Supply
• Provides appropriate air supply support for all
  entrants
• determines amount of air needed amount
• Ensures adequate amount of on-scene air supply
• Advises Operations

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Rigging
• Determines type rescue equipment needed
• Sets up and manages rescue systems
• Performs duties of attendant
• Ensures safety of entrants
• Advises Operations

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Medical
• Provides medical surveillance of entrants
• Provides rehabilitation
• Provides medical care to patients after removal

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Additional Functions
• Research
• Provides technical research on hazards.
• Decontamination
• Provides decon to entrants and patients
• Manages decon line

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Functional Components of IMSAssigned by IC

• Rapid Intervention Team ( RIT )
• Provides safety backup for entry
• Dressed in same PPE as entry, staged to go
• Cannot be assigned to another task
• Provides at least one for one coverage

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Application
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Application

• First Arriving Company Initial Actions
• Establish Command
• Reconnaissance
• Gain control

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Application Phase I Pre-Entry

• Size-up
• Rescue / Recovery
• Pre-Plan
• Command Post
• Hazard control
• Monitoring
• Ventilation

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Application Phase I Pre-EntryCont.

• Lockout / Tagout
• Technical Team Required
• Decon
• Rehab
• Accountability

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Application Phase IIEntry /Rescue

• PPE
• Rigging system
• Air monitoring
• Ventilation
• Briefing
• Communications
• Entry authorized, accountability

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Application Phase III Removal

• Recon
• Package
• Removal
• Entry team out
• Accountability

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Application Phase IV Termination

• Objective
• Debriefing
• Rehab
• CISD
• Re-supply, Re-deploy
• Terminate Command, document
• Post incident analysis