Chapter 16.1 Revolution

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Chapter 16.1 Revolution Change in England

• Bell work How is religion tied to politics?
• Chapter 16 Pretest
• Reading Activity 10 Reading notes for the
  section.
• SWBAT
• Daily Quiz
• Intro video Tudor and Stuart
• Class notes
• Definitions
• Review Qs

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EnglishConstitutionalMonarchy
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Background (1215-1603)
Model Parliament, 1295
Magna Carta,1215

• King John I forced to accept it.
• A list of demands made by the nobility.
• Created a CONTRACT between the king and the
  aristocracy.
• Established principles which limited the power of
  the king
• Established basic legal rights.
• The king must ask for popular consent for taxes.
• Accused must have jury trial.

• King Edward I brought his military leaders and
  nobility together as a Parliament to ask their
  consent to new taxes.
• Established the principle of parliamentary power
  of the purse.
• A radical new idea for any monarch to ask for
  anything!

The Elizabethan Bargain

• Parliament
• Would have the power to tax.
• Can debate and amend disputed bills.

• The Monarch
• Had the royal perogative right/choice on
  foreign policy.

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Tudors Stuarts the issue of Religion
Monarch How He/She Dealt with Religious Issues
Henry VIII Established Anglican Church after breaking with the Catholic pope
Mary I Wanted to restore Catholicism to England was called Bloody Mary when she had Protestant dissenters burned at the state.
Elizabeth I Strengthened Protestantism by making those who did not attend the Anglican Church pay fines
Mary Queen of Scots Plotted to kill Elizabeth I and rule England as a Catholic nation was caught and beheaded.
Philip II Husband of Mary I who invaded England in an effort to force a Catholic ruler on the English people.
James I Supported the Anglican Church had little tolerance for Puritans demands for reform authorized the king James Version of the Bible
Charles I Married a French Catholic princess, which alienated him from the people advocated formal Catholic-like practices in the Anglican Church, prompting Puritan opposition Scottish rebellion.
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TheEarly Stuarts (1603-1649) James I Charles I
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The Stuart Monarchy
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James I r. 1603-1625

• He alienated the Puritans by his strong defense
  of the Anglican Church.
• Many of Englands gentry mostly rich landowners
  below the level of the nobility became Puritans.
• These Puritan gentry formed an important and
  large part of the House of Commons.
• It was NOT WISE to alienate them!

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James I r. 1603-1625

• Problems he faced
• Large royal debt.
• He wasnt English ? he didnt understand English
  customs esp. English law!
• Believed in Divine Right of Kings.
• Pro-Catholic sympathies.
• Clashed with Parliament
• He raised money without Parliaments consent!

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Gunpowder Plot, 1605

• An attempt by some provincial Catholics to kill
  King James I and most of the Protestant
  aristocracy.
• Blow up the House of Lords during the state
  opening of Parliament.

Guy Fawkes
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King James Bible, 1611
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Charles I r. 1625-1649

• Pro-ceremonies and rituals.
• Uniformity of church services imposed by a church
  court.
• Anglican Book of Common Prayer for both England
  AND Scotland.
• Seen as too pro-Catholic by the Puritans.

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Charles I Parliament

• Constantly at war with Spain and France.
• Always need , but how to get it??
• Usually Parliament would give Charles from
  taxes to fund his wars.
• Periodically, Parliament would deny funds.
• In return, Charles would dissolve Parliament and
  try to rule England without it ? find funds in
  other ways.
• Forced loans, selling aristocratic titles, etc.

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The Short Parliament

• Short Parliament
• No Parliament in 20 yrs.
• Rebellion in Scotland over Laud issues.
• Charles need ? war with France.
• Calls Parliament into session in 1640
• MPs demand more protection of property.
• Charles dismisses them after 3 weeks.

Charles I by Van Dyck (1633)
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The Long Parliament

• In session from 1640 to 1660.
• Laud executed.
• Triennial Act passed ? Parliament must be called
  in session at least once every 3 yrs.
• Parliament cant be adjourned without its own
  consent!
• Charles enters the House of Commons to end the
  session and arrest 5 MPs? unsuccessful
• Charles heads north to form an army!

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Ch. 16.1 Tudors Stewarts

• Define revolution gentry burgesses covenant
  English Channel

• Describe how each of the following dealt with
  conflicts with Parliament during their reigns as
  the Monarch of England
• Elizabeth I-
• James I-
• Charles I-

1. How did religious differences influence English
   politics during the reigns of James I Charles
   I?
2. How did financial issues eventually become the
   breaking point for the struggle between
   Parliament and the Stuart King?

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16.1 ¼ sheet

• 1. The defeat of the Armada in 1588
• began the decline of the sea power of
• (a) England.
• (b) Spain.
• (c) the Netherlands.
• (d) France.

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16.1

• Highly moral people who became
• increasingly unhappy over the practices
• of the Anglican Church and the
• quality of the clergy were called
• (a) Whigs.
• (b) Tories.
• (c) Puritans.
• (d) Presbyterians.

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16.1

• The Presbyterian Church was
• established by the
• (a) English.
• (b) Irish.
• (c) Scots.
• (d) Dutch.

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16.1

• The Puritans became increasingly
• unhappy about the
• (a) practices of the Anglican Church.
• (b) lack of formalities and rituals in
• the church.
• (c) increase in taxes proposed by
• Charles I.
• (d) growth of Protestantism in
• England.