THE JEFFERSON ADMINISTRATION

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THE JEFFERSON ADMINISTRATION
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Smaller Government

• Changes in style- no major speeches to Congress,
  less of the symbols of power
• Real changes- cut down on number of government
  workers
• Also cut down on size of military

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Judicial System Changes

• Controversy over midnight judges (Adams last
  minute appointments to federal courts)
• Judiciary Acts give more specifics to federal
  court system- how many courts, what type of cases
  they would decide
• Judicial Review- first used in case of Marbury
  vs. Madison. The Supreme Court could declare laws
  of Congress or of the states unconstitutional,
  making them null and void
• John Marshall- 1st Major Chief Justice

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The Nation Expands

• Congress passes laws that encourages westward
  movement and provides procedure for territories
  becoming new states
• Mississippi River becomes major center of
  shipping and New Orleans (under French control is
  a major port)
• Jefferson tries to arrange purchase of the city,
  Napoleon wants to sell all French claims in
  America
• The result is the Louisiana Purchase of 1803

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Louisiana Purchase- Bought for 15 million dollars
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Results of Purchase

• Purchase essentially doubles the size of the
  United States
• Expansion of government power and of the national
  debt- both are contradictions of Jeffersons
  original ideas
• Lewis and Clark expedition explores the newly
  purchased territories

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Jeffersons Second Term

• Jefferson is easily re-elected- Federalists
  (party of Hamilton and Adams) are losing support
  because of popularity of Jefferson
• His second administration is troubled by foreign
  affairs
• Seizures of American ships by England and France
  results in Embargo Act of 1807
• This act eliminates trade with both countries-
  has a terrible effect on American economy,
  especially New England states

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Death of a Founder

• Alexander Hamilton, one of the leaders of
  Americas early history, is killed in a duel with
  Aaron Burr