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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY

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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY Chapter 16 EXTERNAL GENITALIA The vulva refers to those parts that are outwardly visible The vulva includes: Mons pubis Labia majora Labia ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY


1
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ANATOMY
  • Chapter 16

2
EXTERNAL GENITALIA
  • The vulva refers to those parts that are
    outwardly visible
  • The vulva includes
  • Mons pubis
  • Labia majora
  • Labia minora
  • Clitoris
  • Urethral opening
  • Vaginal opening
  • Perineum
  • Individual differences in
  • Size
  • Coloration
  • Shape
  • of external anatomy are common

3
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4
MONS PUBIS
  • The triangular mound of fatty tissue that covers
    the pubic bone
  • It protects the pubic symphysis
  • During adolescence sex hormones trigger the
    growth of pubic hair on the mons pubis

5
LABIA MAJORA
  • Referred to as the outer lips
  • They have a darker pigmentation
  • The Labia Majora
  • Protect urethral openings
  • Covered with hair and sebaceous glands
  • Tend to be smooth, moist, and hairless
  • Become flaccid with age and after childbirth

6
LABIA MINORA
  • Referred to as the inner lips
  • Made up of erectile, connective tissue that
    darkens and swells during sexual arousal
  • Inside the labia majora
  • They are more sensitive and responsive to touch
    than the labia majora

7
CLITORIS
  • Highly sensitive organ composed of nerves, blood
    vessels, and erectile tissue
  • Located under the prepuce
  • Becomes engorged with blood during sexual
    stimulation
  • Key to sexual pleasure for most women
  • Urethral opening is located directly below
    clitoris

8
VAGINAL OPENINGINTROITUS
  • Opening may be covered by a thin sheath called
    the hymen
  • Presence of an intact hymen helps determine
    virginity
  • Some women are born without hymens
  • The hymen can be perforated by many different
    events

9
PERINEUM
  • The muscle and tissue located between the vaginal
    opening and anal canal
  • Contains an abundance of nerve endings that make
    it sensitive to touch
  • An episiotomy is an incision of the perineum used
    during childbirth for widening the vaginal opening

10
INTERNAL GENITALIA
  • The internal genitalia consists of the
  • Vagina
  • Cervix
  • Uterus
  • Fallopian Tubes
  • Ovaries

11
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12
VAGINA
  • The vagina connects the cervix to the external
    genitals
  • It is located between the bladder and rectum
  • It functions
  • As a passageway for the menstrual flow
  • For uterine secretions to pass down through the
    introitus
  • As the birth canal during labor
  • With the help of two Bartholins glands becomes
    lubricated during SI

13
CERVIX
  • Connects uterus to vagina
  • The cervical opening to the vagina is small
  • Protects from foreign bodies entering uterus
  • During childbirth, cervix dilates to allow
    passage of the fetus
  • This dilation is a sign that labor has begun

14
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15
UTERUS
  • Commonly referred to as the womb
  • A pear shaped organ about the size of a clenched
    fist
  • Consists of blood-enriched tissue that sloughs
    off each month during menstrual cycle
  • The powerful muscles of the uterus expand to
    accommodate a growing fetus and push it through
    the birth canal

16
Remains of radical hysterectomy
17
OVIDUCTS
18
FALLOPIAN TUBES
  • Pathway for the ovum to the uterus
  • Site of fertilization by the male sperm
  • Often referred to as the oviducts or uterine
    tubes
  • Fertilized egg takes approximately 6 to 10 days
    to travel through the fallopian tube to implant
    in the uterine lining

19
OVARIES
  • The female gonads or sex glands
  • Develop and expel an ovum each month
  • A woman is born with approximately 400,000
    immature eggs called follicles
  • The follicles in the ovaries produce the female
    sex hormones, progesterone and estrogen
  • These hormones prepare the uterus for
    implantation of the fertilized egg

20
BREASTS
  • Organs of sexual arousal
  • Contain mammary glands
  • Consist of connective tissue that serves as
    support
  • Each breast contain 15-25 clusters called lobes
  • Each lobule is connected by ducts that open into
    the nipples
  • The nipples are made up of erectile tissue
  • The pigment around the nipples is called the
    areola
  • Breast size is determined primarily by heredity
  • Size also depends on the existing fat and
    glandular tissue
  • Breasts may exhibit cyclical changes, including
    increased swelling and tenderness prior to
    menstruation

21
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22
MENSTRUATION
  • Menarch, the onset of menstruation signals the
    bodily changes that transform a female body
  • Average age is 12.8
  • Amount of bleeding varies from woman to woman
  • Blood color can vary from bright red to dark
    maroon
  • Usually occurs every 25 to 32 days
  • Women can experience fluid retention, cramping,
    mood swings, weight gain, breast tenderness,
    diarrhea, and constipation
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