Scientific Classification of Animals

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Scientific Classification of Animals
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Binomial Nomenclature

• Binomial means two names
• Nomenclature refers to the act of giving a name
• A Swedish botanist named Carolus Linnaeus began
  by grouping organisms according to similar
  characteristics
• Linnaeus used two Latin names Genus and Species
• Latin is the international language of scholars
• Common names (ex. Cow) are different among
  cultures but scientific names are universal.

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Kingdoms

• All living things are classified into five
  KINGDOMS
• Animalia All multicelled animals
• Plantae Multicellular plants that produce
  chlorophyll through photosynthesis
• Monera Bacteria and blue-green algae
• Protista Paramecia and amoebae
• Fungi Mushrooms and other fungi

4
Phyla

• The Kingdom Animalia is divided into 27 different
  phyla (singular phylum).
• Phyla comes from the greek word phulon, meaning
  race or kind.
• Several of the phylas are divided into subphylas.
• All agricultural animals belong to the phylum
  Chordata.
• Animals in Chordata have a stringy rod-like
  structure called a notochord present when they an
  embro.
• The notochord develops into the vertebrae.
• Animals with a backbone are in the subphylum
  Vertebrata.

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Classes

• Phyla and subphyla are further divided into
  classes.
• Examples of classes in the subpylum Vertebrata
• Amphibia Includes frogs, toads and salamanders.
• Reptilia Includes turtles, snakes and lizards.
• Aves Includes the birds.
• Mammalia Includes animals that have hair, nurse
  their young and give live birth.
• Agricultural animals such as horses, cattle,
  goats, sheep, pigs and dogs belong to the class
  Mammalia.

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Orders

• Classes are divided into smaller groups called
  orders.
• The class Mammalia contains 18 different orders
  including Primates which encompasses humans.
• Artiodactyla Cattle, goats, sheep and pigs
  belong to this group because they have an even
  number of toes.
• Artiodactlya is broken into suborders
• Suiformes Pigs and hippos
• Tylopoda Camels and Llamas
• Ruminantia Deer, cattle, sheep and goats
  (animals with a multiple compartment stomach)

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Orders Continued

• Perissodactyla Horses, donkeys, zebras and
  rhinos belong to this group because they have
  only one toe.

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Families

• Characteristics begin to narrow
• Cervidae deer, elk and moose
• Antilopinae antelopes
• Tragulidae certain types of goats (i.e. wild
  goats)
• Giraffidae giraffes
• Bovidae cattle, buffalo, sheep and domestic goats

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Genus and Species

• The final categories
• These compose the scientific name.