Kingdom Fungi

1
Kingdom Fungi
2
Characteristics of Fungi

• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic cells
• Cells are multi-nucleated (have many nuclei)
• Heterotrophs
• Cell Walls made of Chitin
• (Chitin is a sugar the same substance which
  makes up the exoskeleton on insects)

3
Facts

• Live and grow in their food
• Fungi are sedentary
• Only seen when the fruiting bodies emerge
• Digestion takes place outside the body
• Fungi are Absorptive Feeders
• They ingest (absorb) digested foods thru their
  cell walls
• Cell Walls are either partial or absent
• The cytosol is circulated through simple cyclosis

4
Ecological Role

• The major role of Fungi is as Decomposers
• They are the great recyclers
• They are Saprophytes

5
Mycorhizzae Relationships

• Over 90 of plants have fungi associated with
  their roots
• The fungus absorbs and concentrates phosphates
  for delivery to the plant roots
• In return, the fungus receive sugars synthesized
  by the plant

6
Fairy Ring
7
The Primary Structures

• Spores Hypha
  Mycelium Fruiting Body
• (haploid reproductive cell) (a single
  filament) (a mass of hyphae)
  (reproductive and dispersion)

8
Spores Haploid Reproductive Cells
9
Spore with Developing Hypha
10
Hypha branches as it digests through the food
11
A Mass of Hyphae form the Mycelium
12
The Mycelium growth in a Petri Dish
13
Classification of Fungi

• Phylum Zygomycota
• Bread mold
• Phylum Basidiomycota
• Mushrooms, puff balls, bracket fungi
• Phylum Ascomycota
• Cup fungi
• Phylum Deuteromycota
• Imperfect fungi

14
Phylum Zygomycota

• Common bread mold
• Hyphae lack septa
• Sexual reproduction is by conjugation

15
Zygomycota
Sporangium Produces the spores
Sporangiophore Holds up the sporangium
16
Want an orange ? Zygomycota does !!
17
(No Transcript)
18
Phylum Basidiomycota

• Mushrooms
• Puffballs
• Shelf (Bracket) Fungi
• Underground hyphae intertwine and grow upward to
  produce a reproductive structure called a
  basidiocarp
• What we call a mushroom

19
Amanita phalloides Death Cap
20
Boletes tubes instead of gills
21
Chanterelles vase-shaped
22
Morels
23
Puff Balls
24
Shelf Fungi
25
Phylum Ascomycota

• Cup Fungi
• Yeast
• Mildews
• The largest group of fungi
• Named for the reproductive sacs or Asci that form
  near the tips of the hyphae
• Ascospores are formed here and released into the
  air when the ascus ruptures
• These spores germinate to form new hyphae

26
(No Transcript)
27
Cup Fungi
28
Phylum Deuteromycota

• Penicillium
• Athletes Foot
• Ringworm
• Called imperfect because a sexual reproductive
  stage has not been observed

29
Penicillium source of penicillin
30
Athletes Foot
31
Ringworm
32
Lichens

• Symbiotic association held in a hyphae mesh
  
• Alga provides food, fungus provides physical
  environment
• Air pollution detection

33
The End.