BIOLOGY 2311 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PART I LECTURE 1 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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BIOLOGY 2311 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PART I LECTURE 1

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Title: BIOLOGY 2311 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PART I LECTURE 1 Author: Dr. Rafael Cabeza Last modified by: user Created Date: 1/17/2001 4:07:21 AM Document presentation ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: BIOLOGY 2311 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY PART I LECTURE 1


1
Isfahan University of Technology
Advance Physiology (part 5)
By A. Riasi (PhD in Animal Nutrition
Physiology)
2
Is there any differences between muscle fiber for
the ATP hydrolysis and synthesis?
3
Three types of skeletal muscle fibers 1-
Slow-oxidative (type I) fibers 2- Fast-oxidative
(type IIa) fibers 3- Fast-glycolytic (type IIb,
IId, IIx) fibers
4
Fast fibers have higher myosin-ATPase activity
than slow fibers.
Some fiber are better equipped for oxidative
phosphorylation.
5
  • Oxidative fibers characteristics
  • More mitochondria
  • More capillaries
  • More myoglobin content

Figure 3.25b
6
  • Fast-glycolytic have following characteristics
  • Few mitochondria
  • High glycogen content
  • Few capillaries
  • Low myoglobin and pale
  • High myosin-ATase activity
  • High intensity of contraction

Figure 3.25b
7
Smooth Muscles
Figure 3.25b
8
Smooth share some basic properties with skeletal
muscle 1- They are all have a specialized
contractile apparatus. 2- They are all directly
use ATP as energy source for cross-bridge
cycling.
Figure 3.25b
9
Some more important of smooth muscle
characteristics
  • Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped.
  • Unlike skeletal muscle cells, a single smooth
    muscle cell does not extend the full length of a
    muscle.
  • A group of smooth muscle cells are typically
    arranged in sheets.
  • Lacking sarcomeres, smooth muscle does not have
    Z lines as such, but dense bodies containing the
    same protein constituent found in Z lines are
    present.

Figure 3.25b
10
Figure 3.25b
11
A smooth muscle cell has three types of filaments
  • Thick myosin filaments, which are longer than
    those found in skeletal muscle.
  • Thin actin filaments, which contain tropomyosin
    but lack the regulator protein troponin.
  • Filament of intermediated size.

12
Figure 3.25b
13
Figure 3.25b
14
  • The smooth muscle cells are divided to two
    groups
  • Single unit smooth muscle cells
  • Multiunit smooth muscle cells

Gap junctions electrically link the muscle fiber
in a single-unit smooth muscle.
Figure 3.25b
15
Multiunit smooth muscle exhibits properties
partway between skeletal muscle and a single unit
muscle. Multiunit smooth muscle consist of
multiple discrete units that function
independently of each other and must be
separately stimulated by nerves to contracts.
Figure 3.25b
16
Figure 3.25b
17
Cardiac Muscles
  • Cardiac muscles share structural and functional
    characteristics with both skeletal and single
    unit smooth muscles.

Figure 3.25b
18
Cardiac Muscles
Figure 3.25b
19
Cardiac Muscles
Figure 3.25b
20
Cardiac Muscles
Figure 3.25b
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