Etik

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Etik og game design og gameplay

• Simulation og computerspil
• Bo Kampmann Walther

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I dag

• Computerspil og etiske problemstillinger
• Teori begreber
• Eksempler
• Øvelser
• Opgaveskrivning fortsat

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Spørgsmål

• Det store spørgsmål
• Hvor er etikken i computerspil ?

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Spørgsmål

• Indenfor eller udenfor ?

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Spørgsmål

• Direkte
• eller indirekte
• ?

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Medie-panik
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Kanyle-effekten

• Myten om AFSENDER ? MODTAGER

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SYMBOL lt gt ALLEGORI

• Er det etisk, fordi det er det, det betyder?
• Eller er det etisk, fordi computerspillets
  tekst henviser til noget andet (etisk
  problematisk)?

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Miguel Sicart, ITU
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ETHICAL PLAYERS

• Sicart, Banality of Simulated Evil, 2009

• Agents having the capacity and the duty with in a
  ludic infosphere to constitute themselves as
  ethical agents.
• Playing configures the game state
• Playing also configures
• the agents ethical capacities and relationships
• the infosphere itself
• the impact of playing the game as perceived from
  outside
• Example Manhunt

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ETHICAL GAME PLAY

• Sicart, Banality of Simulated Evil, 2009

• The outcome of designing the relations between
  the mechanical and semantic levels of abstraction
• Most ethical games fail because they focus on
  capabilities and capacities at the mechanical
  level.
• Ethical game play can exploit the tension between
  player as agent (avatar) within the gameworld and
  player as input provider for the state machine.

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ETHICAL GAME DESIGN

• Sicart, Banality of Simulated Evil, 2009

• 1. Create an ethically relevant game world.
• Introduce ethics as important part of world (eg
  not Tetris or Mario).
• 2. Do not quantize your players actions let
  them live in a world that reacts to their values.
  
• World reacts to ethical choices. (e.g., Manhunt)
• 3. Exploit the tension of being an ethical
  player.
• Push the boundaries of ethical conventions while
  letting players exert full ethical agency. (e.g.,
  September 12th, Dues Ex, Shadow of the Colossus)
• 4. Insert other agents with constructivist
  capacities and possibilities.
• Open to players creating and implementing their
  own values. (e.g., Eve Online)
• 5. Challenge the poietic capacities of players,
  by expanding or constraining them.
• Limit ability to do what is wrong in the
  gameworld. (e.g., Manhunt)

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Spænding

• GAME PLAY
• Versus
• Fiktion

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Manhunt
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Niko Bellic GTA 4
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THE SIMS