PENGUKURAN RISIKO PENYAKIT

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PENGUKURAN RISIKO PENYAKIT

• Oleh
• Nugroho

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Pengantar

• Kejadian Penyakit
• Insiden
• Prevalensi
• Epidemiologi Deskriptif (Frekuensi Penyakit)
• Rate
• Ratio
• Proporsi
• Epidemiologi Analitik
• Odd Rasio
• Risiko Relatif

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Kejadian Penyakit (Insiden)

• Insiden
• Insiden merupakan kejadian kasus baru selama masa
  pengamatan.

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(No Transcript)
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Question

1. What is the ratio of males to females?
2. What proportion of infants lived?
3. What proportion of infants were delivered in a
   delivery room?
4. What is the ratio of operating room deliveries to
   delivery room deliveries?

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Answer

• a. 5 males, 6 females. malefemale 56. Ratio
  of males to females is 5 to 6 0.83 to 1
• b. 9 lived, 2 died. proportion lived lived /
  all case 9 / 11 0 .82. Proportion of infants
  that lived is 82or 8.2 out of 10
• c. 5 delivery room, 5 operating room, and 1
  emergency room delivery. proportion delivery room
  deliveries delivery room/ all cases 5/11
  0.45. Proportion of infants delivered in delivery
  room is 45 or 4.5 out of 10
• d. 5 delivery room and 5 operating room
  deliveries.
• delivery roomoperating room 55 11
• Ratio of operating room deliveries to delivery
  room deliveries is 1 to 1.

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Prevalensi
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Insiden and prevalence
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Question

• Assume that we begin a study of 100 persons free
  of disease on January 1, and that on the last day
  of each month throughout the year, we will be
  given a count of new cases of disease in this
  population. Assume that over the course of a full
  year, 10 of these persons develop disease, and
  that 2 of these cases were reported on March 31,
  3 more cases on June 30, 3 cases on September 30,
  and 2 cases on December 31. How many
  person-months did the study members contribute
  (assume patients became cases on the last day of
  the month).

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Answer

• (90 patients x 12 months) (2 patient x 3
  months) (3 patients x 6 months) (3 patients x
  9 months) (2 patients x 12 months) 1155
  person-months

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Hubungan insiden dan prevalensi
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Epidemiologi Analitik

• Odd Rasio
• Risiko Relative

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Odds Ratio

• Digunakan dalam penelitian case control
• Menilai perbandingan atara kasus dan kontrol
• Tidak mampu menilai laju risiko penyakit
• Rumus

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Relatif risk

• Menilai laju kecepatan penyakit
• Tepat digunakan pada desain penelitian kohort
• Risiko relatif yang dinilai
• Rumus

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Latihan
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TERIMA KASIH