MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN

1
MANAJEMENKESELAMATAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3)

• Tjipto Suwandi

2
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

• Occupational health should aim at the promotion
  and maintenance of the highest degree of
  physical, mental, and social well-being of
  workers in all occupations, the prevention
  amongst workers of departures from health caused
  by their working conditions, the protection of
  workers in their employment from risk resulting
  from factors adverse to health, the placing and
  maintenance of the workers in an occupational
  environment adapted to his physiological
  capabilities, and to summarize the adaptation of
  work to man and each man to his job (W.H.O)

3

• The main focus in occupational health is on three
  different objectives
• a. The maintenance and promotion of workers
  health and working
• capacity
• b. The improvement of working environment and
  work to become
• conducive to safety and health, and
• c. Development of work organization and working
  cultures in direction, which support health and
  safety at work, and in doing so also promotes a
  positive social climate and smooth operation and
  may enhance productivity of undertakings. The
  concept of working culture is intended in this
  context to mean a reflection of the essential
  value systems adopted by the undertaking
  concerned. Such a culture is reflected in
  practice in the management system, personnel
  policy, and principles for participation,
  training policies, and quality management of the
  undertaking.

4
INTERNATIONAL LOSS CONTROL INSTITUTE CAUSATION
MODEL
Lack of Control
Basic Causes
Immediate Cause
Incident
Loss
Inadequate Program Program Standards Compliance
To Standards
Personal Factors Job Factors
Sub- Standards Acts Sub- Standards conditions
Contact With Energy, Substance Or People
People Property Product Environ- ment Service
5
PERAN MANAJEMEN

• Sasaran manajemen efficient prod.

Engineering Purchasing Inspection Prod.insp Mainte
nance Research
Facilities Equipment Materials
Efficient Production
Selection Placement Training Health Employee
relation pract. Motivation
PEOPLE
6
TRANSPARANCY
AUTONOMY
QUALITY
ACCREDITATION
ACCOUNTABILITY
7
SISTEM MANAJEMEN K3(OSHMS)
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT
FEEDBACK
8
INPUT

• MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT AND
• RESOURCES
• Regulatory compliance and
• System conformance
• 2. Accountability, Responsibility, Authority

EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION
9
MANAGEMENT DIRECTION
Responsibility the fact of having to answer for
activities and result
in safety.
Authority the right to correct, command, and
determine courses of action.
Accountability The fact of active measurement
by manage- ment to ensure compliance with
its will. In defining accountability in
accident prevention, we speak of
management doing something to ensure action

10
PROCESS I (Formulation)

• OSH POLICY
• GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
• PERFORMANCE MEASURE
• SYSTEM PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
• Baseline Evaluation Risk Assessment
• OSH MANUAL PROCEDURES

11
MANAGER K3

• STRATA K3
• UPPER MANAGER
• MIDDLE MANAGER
• LOWER / LINE MANAGER

Result Performance
12
PROCESS II (Implementation)

• TRAINING SYSTEM Technical expertise personnel
  qualifications.
• HAZARDS CONTROL SYSTEM
• - Process design
• - Emergency Preparedness Response syst.
• - Hazardous agent management system
• PREVENTIVE CORRECTIVE ACTION SYSTEM
• PROCUREMENT AND CONTRACTING

13
EVALUATION (FEEDBACK)

• COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
• Documentation Record Management syst.
• EVALUATION SYSTEM
• - Auditing Self Inspection
• - Incident Investigation Root Cause -
  Analysis
• - Health Medical Program Surveillance

14
IMPROVEMENT (INTEGRATION)

• CONTINUAL IMPROVEMENT
• INTEGRATION
• MANAGEMENT REVIEW

15
MANAGEMENT CONTROL ACTIVITIES

• I S M E C
• IDENTIFICATION OF WORK
• STANDARDS
• MEASUREMENT
• EVALUATION
• COMMENDATION AND CORRECTION

16
IDENTIFICATION OF WORK

• Leadership and administ.
• Task analysis procedure
• Accident investigation
• Organizational rules
• Management training
• Employee training
• Health control
• Engineering control
• Program evaluation system
• Personal communication

• Planned inspection
• Emergency preparedness
• Group meeting
• General promotion
• Purchasing control
• Hiring and placement
• Accident analysis
• Personal protective equipm.
• Off the job safety
• Other program activities

17
STANDARDS

• Establishing standards for the work performance
  expected in each work activity area identified
• Refining and upgrading existing standards to
  improve coverage, understanding, reasonableness,
  and practicality

18
MEASUREMENT

• Measuring performance by degree of compliance
  with established standards.
• Refining objectivity and quality of
• system to quantify results.

19
EVALUATION

• Evaluating performance on a timely basis and
  communicating it to those accountable.
• Refining existing communication system
• to enhance meaning and motivation.

20
COMMENDING

• Commending compliance and correcting deficiencies
  in performance standards.

21
INCIDENT

• An undesired event which, under slightly
  different circumstances, could have resulted in
  harm to people, damage to property or loss to
  process.
• An undesired event which could or does result in
  a loss.
• Accident result from contact with a substance or
  source of energy above the threshold limit of the
  body or the structure.

22
Concept of multiple causes

• Causes of accident
• Personal factors
• inadequate physical/ physiological and
  mental/psychological capability,
  physical/physiological stress, mental/psychologica
  l stress, lack of knowledge, lack of skill,
  improper motivation.

23
CAUSES OF ACCIDENT

• JOB FACTOR
• Inadequate leadership or supervision, inadequate
  engineering, inadequate purchasing, inadequate
  maintenance,
• inadequate tool and equipment, inadequate
  tools and equipment, Inadequate work standards,
  Wear and Tear, abuse or misuse.

24
OSH PRINCIPLES

1. An unsafe act, an unsafe condition, and an
   accident are all symptoms of something wrong in
   the management system.
2. We can predict that certain sets of circumstances
   will produce severe injuries. These circumstances
   can be identified and controlled.

25
OSH PRINCIPLES

• 3. Safety should be managed like any other
  company function. Management should direct the
  safety effort by setting achievable goals and by
  planning, organizing, and controlling in achieve
  them.
• 4. The key in effective line safety performance
  is management procedures that fix accountability.

26
OSH PRINCIPLES

• 5. The function of safety is to locate and define
  the operational errors that allow accidents to
  occur. This function can be carried out in two
  ways
• a) by asking why accidents happen ----
• searching for their root causes and
• b) by asking whether certain known
• effective controls are being utilized.

27
ZERO ACCIDENT

• Adalah hasil (result) K3 sehingga lebih merupakan
  evaluasi dari manager. (middle --? upper).
• Performance di titik beratkan pada middle
  --?lower manager.
• Integrasi (keterpaduan) performance (kinerja)
  harus nampak di tingkat pelaksana.

28
SEKIAN

• TERIMA KASIH